What are the key differences for Australian Permanent Residency?

If you’re in Australia on a 482 visa and considering permanent residency (PR), two of the most common pathways are the Subclass 186 Employer Nomination Scheme visa and Subclass 189 Skilled Independent visa.

Both offer Australia PR, but the eligibility requirements, timelines and level of certainty differ.

Subclass 186 (TRT Stream)

This pathway allows eligible 482 visa holders to transition to PR through employer nomination.

Pros

• No points test
• No invitation rounds
• Employer-supported and more predictable

Cons

• Requires employer nomination
• Must complete two years on a 482 visa in the same occupation
• Processing times currently around 13–19 months
• Limited job mobility until PR is granted

This pathway is best suited to individuals with a support employer who are happy to remain in their role while meeting eligibility requirements.

Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent)

A points-tested visa with no employer sponsorship required.

Pros

• Fully independent

• Greater job flexibility

• Faster processing times (currently 3–12 months)

Cons

• Highly competitive

• No guaranteed invitation

• Requires strong points score and full evidence of all claims

The 189 may offer a quicker pathway to PR for applicants with a high points score — but comes with more uncertainty.

 186 or 189: Which is Better?

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer.

• The 186 TRT offers predictability and employer backing.

• The 189 offers independence and potential speed — if your points are competitive.

Government application costs are the same for both visas, so the key difference comes down to eligibility, timing, and personal preference.

If you are interested in finding out more, get in touch for a free no obligation call to start your journey.

Email: info@headimmigration.com